An Etymological Dictionary of Astronomy and Astrophysics
English-French-Persian

فرهنگ ریشه شناختی اخترشناسی-اخترفیزیک

M. Heydari-Malayeri    -    Paris Observatory

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Number of Results: 145 Search : magnet
aligned magnetic field
  میدان ِ مغناطیسی ِ آختیده   
meydân-e meqnâtisi-ye âxatidé

Fr.: champ magnétique aligné   

A magnetic field whose lines of force are oriented along a particular direction or by a particular manner (axially, vertically; randomly, properly, etc.)

aligned; → magnetic field.

antiferromagnetism
  پاد‌آهن‌مغنات‌مندی   
pâd-âhanmeqnâtmandi

Fr.: antiferromagnétisme   

A property possessed by some → metals, → alloys, and salts of transition elements in which there is a lack of → magnetic moment due to the antiparallel or spiral arrangement of atomic → magnetic moments.

anti- + → ferromagnetism.

azimuthal magnetic field
  میدان ِ مغناتیسی ِ سوگانی   
meydân-e meqnâtisi-ye sugâni

Fr.: champ magnétiquue azimutal   

In the → solar dynamo model, a magnetic field that points from east to west or vice-versa.

azimuthal; → magnetic; → field.

Bohr magneton
  مگنتون ِ بؤر   
magneton-e Bohr (#)

Fr.: magnéton de Bohr   

A fundamental constant, first calculated by Bohr, for the intrinsic → spin magnetic moment of the electron. It is given by: μB = eħ/2me = 9.27 x 10-24 joule/tesla = 5.79 x 10-5 eV/tesla, representing the minimum amount of magnetism which can be caused by the revolution of an electron around an atomic nucleus. It serves as a unit for measuring the magnetic moments of atomic particles.

Bohr; magneton, from → magnet + → -on.

circular magnetic field
  میدان ِ مغناتیسی ِ دایره‌ای   
meydân-e meqnâtisi-ye dâyere-yi

Fr.: champ magnétique circulaire   

A → magnetic field whose lines of force (→ line of force) run around the perimeter of the magnet.

circular; → magnetic; → field.

diamagnetic
  پادمغناتی   
pâdmeqnâti

Fr.: diamagnétique   

Relative to or characterized by → diamagnetism.

diamagnetism.

diamagnetism
  پادمغنات‌مندی   
pâdmeqnâtmandi

Fr.: diamagnétisme   

The property of a substance, like bismuth, that creates a weak magnetic field in opposition of an externally applied magnetic field, thus causing a repulsive effect. In diamagnetic materials the → magnetic moments of individual atoms are not permanent. Within each atom the electron spins and orbital motions all exactly balance out, so any particular atom has no net magnetic moment. The external magnetic field generates little currents by induction. According to → Lenz's law, the induced magnetic moments of the atoms are directed opposite to the magnetic field.

Diamagnetic, from Gk. dia- a prefix used with several meanings "passing through; thoroughly; completely; going apart," and in the present case "opposed;" → magnetic. magnetic.

Pâdmeqnât, from pâd- "against, contrary," → anti-, + megnâtmagnetism.

dipolar magnetic field
  میدان ِ مغناتیسی ِ دیپلی، ~ ~ دی‌قطبی   
meydân-e meqnâtisi-ye dipoli, ~ ~ diqotbi

Fr.: champ magnétique dipolaire   

A → magnetic field produced by a system possessing a net magnetic → dipole moment.

dipolar; → magnetic; → field.

electromagnet
  آهنربا‌ی ِ برقی   
âhanrobâ-ye barqi (#)

Fr.: électroaimant   

A temporary magnet made by coiling wire around an → iron core. When current flows in the coil, or → solenoid, the iron becomes a → magnet. The electromagnet acts as a magnet only so long as the current is flowing in the solenoid.

electro-; → magnet.

electromagnetic
  برقامغناتی، برقامغناطی   
barqâmeqnâti

Fr.: électromagnétique   

Of or pertaining to electromagnetism or electromagnetic fields.

electro- + → magnetic

electromagnetic counterpart
  همتای ِ برقامغناتی   
hamtâ-ye barqâmeqnâti

Fr.: contrpartie électromagnétique   

An → electromagnetic signal associated with the location on the sky and the time of a → gravitational wave event. The electromagnetic signal is predicted by models to be associated with the → merger of a → compact binary star system composed of two → neutron stars (NS) or a neutron star and a → black hole (BH). Accordingly, the gravitational waves are accompanied by a short-duration → gamma-ray burst (GRB) powered by the → accretion of material that remains in a → centrifugally supported → torus around the BH following the merger. NS-NS/BH-NS mergers are also predicted to be accompanied by a more isotropic counterpart, commonly known as a → kilonova. Kilonovae are day to week-long thermal, → supernova-like → transients, and are powered by the → radioactive decay of heavy, neutron-rich elements synthesized by the → r-process in the expanding merger ejecta (Li and Paczynski 1998). The first detection of an electromagnetic counterpart to gravitational waves belongs to → GW170817.

electromagnetic; → counterpart.

electromagnetic coupling constant
  پایای ِ جفسری ِ برقامغناتی   
pâyâ-ye jafsari-ye barqâmeqnâti

Fr.: constante de couplage electromagnétique   

Same as → fine-structure constant.

electromagnetic; → coupling; → constant.

electromagnetic field
  میدان ِ برقامغناتی   
meydân-e barqâmeqnâti

Fr.: champ électromagnétique   

A region of space consisting of coupled electric and magnetic lines of force at each point, generated by time-varying currents and accelerated charges.

electromagnetic; → field.

electromagnetic force
  نیروی ِ برقامغناتی   
niru-ye barqâmeqnâti

Fr.: force électromagnétique   

The fundamental force that is associated with electric and magnetic fields. One of the four fundamental forces of nature, it is carried by photons.

electromagnetic; → force.

electromagnetic induction
  درهازش ِ برقامغناتی   
darhâzeš-e barqâmeqnâti

Fr.: induction électromagnétique   

The production of an → electromotive force in a circuit caused by a variation in the magnetic flux through the circuit. If this variation is produced by a change in the current flowing in the circuit itself, it is called → self-induction. If due to the variation in a current in some other circuit, it is called mutual induction. See also → Faraday's law of induction.

electromagnetic; → induction.

electromagnetic potential
  توند ِ برقامغناتی   
tavand-e barqâmeqnâti

Fr.: potentiel électromagnétique   

The combination of both → electric scalar potential and → magnetic vector potential.

electromagnetic; → potential.

electromagnetic radiation
  تابش ِ برقامغناتی   
tâbeš-e barqâmeqnâti

Fr.: rayonnement électromagnétique   

Radiation propagating in the form of an advancing wave in electric and magnetic fields. It includes radio waves, infrared, visible light, ultraviolet, X-rays, and gamma rays.

electromagnetic; → radiation.

electromagnetic signal
  نشال ِ برقامغناتی   
nešâl-e barqâmeqnâti

Fr.: signal électromagnétique   

Information transmitted by means of a modulated current or an electromagnetic wave and received by telephone, radio, television, etc.

electromagnetic; → signal.

electromagnetic spectrum
  بیناب ِ برقامغناتی   
binâb-e barqâmeqnâti

Fr.: spectre électromagnétique   

The range of frequencies over which electromagnetic waves are propagated. → electromagnetic radiation.

electromagnetic; → spectrum.

electromagnetic theory
  نگره‌ی ِ برقامغناتی   
negare-ye barqâmeqnâti

Fr.: théorie électromagnétique   

The description of combined electric and magnetic fields mainly by → Maxwell's equations. Same as → electromagnetism.

electromagnetic; → theory.

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